In hemorrhagic strokes, bleeding may occur. In the presence of non-bacterial meningitis (viral, tubercular, fungal, protozoal, etc. Red blood cells are transfused to maintain an adequate hematocrit. When blood vessels of the brain are weak, abnormal, or under unusual pressure, a hemorrhagic stroke can occur. CSF glucose is decreased in half the cases. By the third tube, the CSF should be nearly clear, even with a bloody tap.īlood that is evenly distributed throughout the three tubes reflects CNS bleeding, such as: While a traumatic lumbar puncture ("bloody tap") can result in RBCs being present in the CSF, the blood will progressively clear with each tube of CSF withdrawn. Normally, there are no RBCs or nearly none (<1 RBC/mm 3). Inflammatory response situations include:Ī predominence of monocytes (rather than neutrophils) suggests a non-bacterial source of inflammation, such as: In the presence of an inflammatory response, WBCs increase. Normal CSF has very few WBCs (0 –8/mm 3). Spinal fluid glucose is decreased in many cases of: Turbid CSF usually indicates the presence of:.At least 400 RBC/µL must be present before the CSF is visibly bloody.Bloody or blood-tinged indicates possible:.So it builds up inside the brain and increases the pressure inside the. Yellow (+1 to +4) color indicates possible: Some brain tumours block the normal circulation of the CSF.Holding the test tube of CSF against a white, printed page, the CSF should be as clear as a similar test tube filled with water. It contains most of the same constituents as blood, but generally in lower concentrations. Cerebrospinal Fluid CSF is normally sterile, colorless, and clear.
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